The flame-rumped tanager (Ramphocelus flammigerus) is a predominantly black bird with lemony yellow lower back, rump, and uppertail coverts (subspecies icteronotus) or warmer yellow to orange, crimson, or scarlet lower back, rump, and uppertail coverts (subspecies flammigerus). The birds with less scarlet are thought to be hybrids or intergrade species.

Females are predominantly olive-grey on top and on the head.

They are yellow and orange underneath, as well as on the lower back and rump.

These birds can be found at low to moderate elevations in western Panama, Colombia, and extreme western Ecuador.

The flame-rumped tanager prefers main woodland and forest borders, second growth, overgrown places, gardens, and parks. Icteronotus subspecies appear to be absent from the core forest.

The flame-rumped tanager, like most tanager species, feeds on fruits, seeds, and invertebrates.The breeding habits of the flame-rumped tanager are unknown, however it is known that an open cup-shaped nest is built into which a clutch of two eggs marked with black, brown, or lilac is laid. Each season, two broods are raised.